Theories Relating to Child Abuse - 957 Words

Theories Relating to Child Abuse Child abuse relates to the behavioral or learning theory because â€Å"it sees human behavior as almost entirely determined through learning that takes place as a result of reinforcement of our behaviors by others or as a result of our observation of behaviors modeled by others† (Schriver, 2011). â€Å"Theories are necessary to explain and to contain the complexities of our lives† (Newberger, 1983). Based upon this theory, child abuse is a reflection of what is normalized in the household. Neglect and abuse in a home becomes a learned behavior and could take enormous amounts of therapy to correct these behaviors from continuing from generation to generation. This also connects with the theory of traditional family†¦show more content†¦Some reports receive alternative responses, which focus primarily upon the needs of the family and do not determine if a child was maltreated or is at-risk of maltreatment. During FFY 2012, CPS agencies received an estimated 3.4 million referrals involving approximately 6.3 million children. Among the 46 states that reported both screened-in and screened-out referrals, 62.0 percent of referrals were screened in and 38.0 percent were screened out. For FFY 2012, 2.1 million reports were screened in, had a CPS response, and received a disposition. The national rate of reports that received a disposition was 28.3 per 1,000 children in the national population. An analysis of 5 years’ worth of data on reports that received a response and resulted in a disposition reveals a relatively stable number of reports, with a slight and gradual increase in the rate of these reports, owing in part to a decrease in the child population.† (Childrens Bureau, 2013). Children of abuse According to the Children’s Bureau (2013) the highest rate of abuse and neglect is infants under the age of one year old. Secondary to the infancy abuse, boys were slightly less to be abused than girls by two percent and one percent was of unknown sex. The Children’s Bureau (2013) reported there were three ethnicities that ranked highest amongst all. From highest to lowest first were white decent, Hispanic and then African American. The greatest mode ofShow MoreRelatedBandura s Theory Of The Social Learning Theory952 Words   |  4 PagesDr. Albert Bandura, who is the creator of the social learning theory, suggest that individuals learn by examining others. Bandura’s theory is conceivably one of the most instrumental theory regarding learning and development. Bandura’s approach to the social learning theory is that we learn by observing and modeling the actions of those who are close to us. Bandura also suggested that our internal feelings and perception s helps us to learn through our cognitive behavior. Social learning additionallyRead MoreEssay on Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy: Sick Kid or Sick Parent?(4)1262 Words   |  6 PagesSyndrome by Proxy: Sick Kid or Sick Parent?(4) In relating the details of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy (MSBP), the initial reaction is usually shock, followed quickly by fascination. The reason for the latter is that the medical community has yet to make up their minds about what exactly MSBP is. The debate: psychiatric disorder v. child abuse. Essentially the arguments for both create a divide between the brain and behavior, though not relating the two. Munchausen Syndrome is a condition manifestRead MoreA Child Who Has Disruptive Attachment Will Face Many Issues1575 Words   |  7 Pages A child who has disruptive attachment will face many issues during their lifetime. The areas that will be affected relate to their behaviour, emotional and also the relationship they have during childhood and into adulthood. These impacts due to grief, loss, abuse, maltreatment, parental health issues, could be mental or physical health related. These issues can be ongoing, temporary and yet will affect issues of their primary carer will be ongoing and affect every part of the child’s life (DoyleRead MoreIs Partner Violence A Serious Social Problem? Essay1654 Words   |  7 Pagesthirty-nine women whom survived abuse, leaving their abusive partner. The book shares the women’s stories of their years of suffering and pain and their efforts to escape to better their life for their dependent children and themselves. Sev’erâ€⠄¢s research covers multiple types of abuse the women faced including physical, sexual, economic, spiritual, or psychological abuse. Additionally, the women share their children’s witnessing the abuse and discuss how the abuse has effected their turn out. Sev’erRead MoreEssay on Unit 7 Ps3301380 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelopment? Put simply, developmental theories of personality follow quite closely the same developmental timetable as cognitive development. The Oral stage of Freud occurs during the Sensor motor period of Piaget; the anal stage, Pre-conceptual stage; the phallic stage, Concrete Operational Stage; the Latency period of Freud also occurs during the Concrete Operational stage; the Genital stage, Formal Operations. Erickson’s stages ad other stage theories follow a similar path. The ages of theseRead MoreThe Problem That Can Be The Most Challenging For Myself Essay727 Words   |  3 Pagesmyself is the one relating to the murder of a 4-year-old child. Personally speaking, it always considers an exasperate situation any case of child abuse or neglect. This scenario does not just tell of abuse or neglect of a child, but a child murder. As a human being, parent and teacher, a murdered of a 4year child is someone I would never want to encounter in my life. When it comes to children, any time someone causes pain to a child, considering that it could happen to my own child. In the case ofRead MoreChild Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act Essay1076 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to our textbook, Public Law 93-247 which is the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA), came into effect on January 31, 1974. This law is regards to childhood maltreatment. The law implemented the National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect. Central agencies needed to be created in each individual state. The central agencies had to have legal authority to investigate and be able to prosecute cases that involved abuse and neglect. The States also had to develop their own definitionsRead MoreSocial Workers: Influence of the Ecological Approach on Social Practice1302 Words   |  6 Pagesoffers an effective method of relating children, young people and their families to their environment. It is an approach that allows social workers to intervene in cases where a child is abused or neglec ted, while providing a good theoretical framework for social workers direct work. This essay is going to assess the ecological model within a social work practice directed at children. It will stress the importance of this model, and explain its application in todays child protection work. Firstly,Read MoreChildhood And The Family A Social Construction1497 Words   |  6 PagesIn every generation throughout history the relationship between a young child and their family has been of utmost importance and this relationship can influence, affect and contribute in determining the child s personality. However recently the state has been playing an increasing role in this complex relationship, until now where we are at a point where the state directly influences the childhood and family relationship, something I aim to explore in this assignment. Is childhood and the familyRead MoreA Summary On Adlerian Theory1302 Words   |  6 PagesAdlerian Theory Todd Overstreet Liberty University Abstract Adlerian theory, which is named after the famous psychotherapist Alfred Adler, is used mainly to give emphasis to birth order, theories relating to inferiority and superiority, individual life styles, and social interests as the main workings of personality. In Adlerian theory, mental well-being is decided by the degree of social contribution that is helpful to the greater community to the extent that one incorporates and advances

Essay on Age Discrimination Within The Workplace - 1993 Words

Age discrimination in employment, also known as job ageism, is a complex issue which impacts on many areas of Government policy and can have many implications for individuals themselves. Age discrimination can occur across the whole spectrum of employment and can affect both younger and older people. It can affect a person’s chances of getting a job, as well as their chances of promotion or development when in work. Age can also be a factor when employers decide who should be selected for termination. Ageism seems to be more common in the workplace than racism or sexism. Although only about 20% Of all complaints filed with the federal Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) are for age discrimination, settlements and jury†¦show more content†¦It can affect workers in their twenties through the tendency to set arbitrary age limits in job advertisements as a substitute for a decision based on the merits of the applicants. It affects women over 35 and men over 40 who are trying to find new employment or change direction mid-career. Older unemployed workers experience greater difficulty finding work and suffer longer periods of unemployment than other age groups. The proposed legislation will oblige employers to abandon age stereotypes and assess individuals on their merits (Age Discrimination, 1993). There are also more subtle forms of age discrimination, where a person may not actually realize that they are discriminating on the grounds of age. This can take the form of assuming that an older person is less likely than a younger colleague to want to be considered for promotion or to go on a development course. In addition, some older workers themselves can doubt their own ability to learn new skills and may rule themselves out for opportunities. For instance, some older workers may feel they would not be able to learn about information technology when they have in fact been learning about developments in technology all their working lives. Elders vs. Youth There is a thin line between trying to help people who are most likely to experience age discrimination in employment so that they have the same opportunities as others, and positivelyShow MoreRelatedLiterature Review : The United States Essay1505 Words   |  7 Pageshistory in terms of discrimination towards women in the workplace. Such discrimination only increases when the events of childbirth are taken into account. When women give birth, they often opt to stay lengthy amounts of time with the members of the family as opposed to remaining in the workplace for the duration of their maternity leave. Thus, there is increased rates of discrimination towards these women specifically. Often mothers within the workplace receive the most discrimination as opposed to same-genderedRead MoreWhen People Think Of Discrimination, They Tend To Think1254 Words   |  6 Pagespeople think of discrimination, they tend to think back to older times of slavery, racism, and an unde rdeveloped country. Sadly, discrimination actual plays a large role in the workplace of today. Discrimination is defined as â€Å"treating a person or particular group of people differently, especially in a worse way from the way in which you treat other people, because of their skin color, sex, sexuality, etc.† according to the Cambridge Dictionary (Cambridge University Press 1). Discrimination comes in manyRead MoreDiversity in the Workplace1452 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction As a general statement diversity refers to the prevention of discrimination in conjunction with the improvement of equality. It’s about valuing differences and inclusion; this is the act of spanning such areas as ethnicity, age, race, culture, sexual orientation, physical disability and religious beliefs. In a global marketplace diversity is theorised as a corporation that employs a diverse workforce in that includes both genders, people of many generations and those from ethnicallyRead MoreGender Issues Associated With Age, Gender, Ethnicity Essay1455 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay looks at different contemporary issues associated with age, gender, ethnicity in the working environment; which will particularly incorporate a discussion of gender relations, stereotyping and sources of inequality. The purpose of this essay is to fundamentally consider how organisational culture, norms of work, stereotypes and son on may impact on the opportunities people have. I am going to foc us on the inequalities and who does what sort of work in the general workforce and more particularlyRead MoreDiscrimination And Discrimination Within The Workplace919 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Discrimination is defined as making a distinction in favor of or against a person or thing based on the group, class, or category to which that person or thing belongs to rather than on individual merit (definition 2). Discrimination does not just relate to just one meaning but several, and it can be described in many ways. This action is not only offensive but hurtful as well. Denying any individual a job because of their race, sexual orientation, religion, or gender is an example ofRead MoreDiscrimination In The Workplace Essay1379 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Title: Discrimination within the workplace: An insight into the experience of minority ethnic, race and age employees at the Turkish Airlines. Introduction: One of the most important problems of social life is the economic, social, cultural, demographic, etc. discrimination due to their different characteristics. Discrimination, often seen as one of the main problems of underdeveloped societies, is now seen in developing or developed countries, not only due to economic reasons. As the issueRead MoreDifferences Between Men And Women1420 Words   |  6 Pagescorrect thinking is obliterating important discussion as well as our awareness of the similarities and differences between men and women. The vision of equality between the sexes has narrowed the possibilities for discovery of what truly exists within a man and within a woman. The world is less interesting when everything is same. None of us would argue the fact that men and women are physically different. The physical differences are rather obvious and most of these can be seen and easily measured. WeightRead MoreAge Discrimination At The Workplace Essay1574 Words   |  7 PagesJea nie Gay Lewis Age Discrimination in the Workplace Human Resource Management Dr. Melissa Mann 9-20-2016 1 Introduction An all encompassing definition for age discrimination in the workplace is the practice of excluding applicants for hire or promotion based on the age of the individual. Related to the factor of age, age discrimination is an approach that does not focus on skill levels and job competency, and places emphasis on the calendar age of the individualRead MoreDiscrimination in the Workplace Essay1083 Words   |  5 Pagesthat workplace discrimination is not as common as it is widely thought to be. The survey results showed that most people in this day and age have never experienced discrimination. Out of the ten surveys conducted only one individual from the general public had experienced discrimination in the workplace. To eliminate this sort of behaviour, a no tolerant attitude should be put in place. This would include the laws being tougher in order to discourage employers/employees from discrimination. AnotherRead MoreDiscrimination And Diversity1285 Words   |  6 PagesDiscrimination comes in many forms. Discrimination and diversity are closely linked considering the reasons behind discrimination are what makes up the definition of diversity. Not only is discrimination made against gender, race, and religion, but it is also made of age, disabilities, appearance and in a lot of cases, women who are pregnant too. This is very much a reality for many employers. There are laws protecting acts of discrimination. This topic is so sensitive, that many employers implement

Smaller Public Companies and Sox Free Essays

string(193) " felt that this was unfeasible because larger companies were in a better financial position to handle the expense for consultant and external audit fees that came with the SOX 404 regulations\." Should Smaller Public Companies be Exempted from Complying with SOX Section 404(b)? ABSTACT On July 21, 2010 the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act provided the non-accelerated public companies (those with a market capital below $75 million) a permanent exemption from complying with the Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Section 404(b). The Section 404(b) would have required these smaller companies to do what larger companies over the $75 million market cap are currently doing; requiring an external auditor to audit their internal controls over financial reporting. However, what may seem like a huge win for the smaller companies who long have complained about the cost out weighing the benefits of complying with the standard, does not appear that way to everyone. We will write a custom essay sample on Smaller Public Companies and Sox or any similar topic only for you Order Now INTRODUCTION Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act Section’s 404 (a) and (b) were created to help restore the public’s trust in what public companies are reporting in their financial statements, as well as the opinions on the reports that the auditors are providing on the financial statements. SOX 404(a) implies that managements of public companies assess and report on whether their internal controls over financial reporting (ICFR) are effective (United States Securities and Exchange Commission [SEC], 2009); in order to ensure that those requirements in Section 404(a) are being met, public companies are required to have an external auditor attest to management’s assessment over the ICFR (SEC, 2009). While SOX 404(a) is required by all public companies, Section 404(b) was required only by large companies (those with a market cap greater that $75 million). As for the smaller public companies (those $75 million and under), they were granted numerous extensions and were eventually permanently exempted. The main purpose of SOX 404 was to alleviate the growing tension between investors, government agencies, and public companies. While the public trust is continuing to be restored, according to research and studies; unintended circumstances of the SOX 404 implementation caused massive financial burdens for smaller public companies (Garrett, 2009). The outcries from the small public companies were answered by numerous extensions on the compliance of SOX 404(b). This was in order to give these companies more time to get their internal controls in place for external auditors to attest to them. Finally, on July 21, 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) was passed. The Dodd-Frank Act provided permanent exemption from complying with the SOX 404(b) for non- accelerated public companies (those with a market capital below $75 million) (Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform, 2010, pg. 83). As a result of this Act, another issue surfaced as to why permanently exempt the smaller companies from SOX 404(b). All public companies, to include smaller public companies, should be held to the same standards and be subject to the rules under SOX 404(b). Instead of permanently exempted them, the SEC should have came up with a way to make it more cost effective to comply. This paper will address arguments from both sides of the Dodd-Frank Act, and why smaller firms should be required to comply with SOX 404(b). ANALYSIS The permanent exemption comes as a relief for the small public companies as complying with SOX 404(a) has been very expensive and time consuming. By adding to the cost associated with complying with SOX 404(b), it would be more than they would be able to handle. A study conducted by Financial Executives International, showed that the cost of complying with SOX for those public companies whose market cap was under $100 million was approximately $824,000 compared to $1. million for those who market cap is between $100 million to $500 million, at the time the article was written (Wolkoff, 2005). Furthermore, Wolkoff (2005) goes on to say that at the AMEX median, the median revenue for its companies are $57 million, which means that for these companies to comply with SOX 404(b) it would cost close to 1. 5% of its median revenue(Wolkoff, 2005). Specifically, Wolkoff states that this could â€Å"severely† have a negative impact on these companies operating margins and †Å"in many cases to near zero — and depleting funds available for a reinvestment† (Wolkoff, 2005, pg. ). In addition, resources that could be used for other more important business needs would be diverted to costly â€Å"tedious documentation requirements†, and would not be worth the benefits derived (Garrett 2009, pg. 1). Even after the creation of Auditing Standard No. 5 (AS5), a study done by George Washington University, found that the decrease that larger public companies found with the relief provided from AS5 was not the case for smaller public companies (Garrett, 2009). Furthermore, NASDAQ research showed that based on revenue percentage it would cost 11 times more for smaller companies than larger companies to comply with SOX 404 (b), which creates an â€Å"unfair competitive advantage for larger companies† (Garrett, 2009 pg. 1-2). Not to mention that these smaller companies believe that the cost associated with SOX 404(b) far outweighs the benefits of compliance (Wolkoff, 2005). On the other hand, opponent’s of the Dobb-Frank Act believes that despite the George Washington University and NASDAQ studies, SOX 404 costs are still expected to go down and that the reduction is not only due to the implementation of AS5, but because of other factors. For instance, the cost of complying with SOX 404 is expected to continue to go down as companies continue to implement and document effective controls and move into the â€Å"maintenance phase of monitoring and reporting† (How Potential Changes in Small-Company, 2006, pg. 7). As this relates to SOX 404(b), this could also mean that once the external auditors have completed their first audit of the company’s internal controls and improvements are made based on the outcome of the audit, audit fees should go down because the audits will become easier since any ineffective internal controls should have been or is being addressed. Another SOX 404(b) obstacle that proponents of the Dobb-Frank Act believed threatened the small companies was that the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) was trying to take a â€Å"one size fits all† approach. Meaning, the SEC was trying to use the same standards for both large and small companies when regulating corporate governance. Proponents felt that this was unfeasible because larger companies were in a better financial position to handle the expense for consultant and external audit fees that came with the SOX 404 regulations. You read "Smaller Public Companies and Sox" in category "Essay examples" For example, an increased auditing bill to $500 thousand for a company who has a $10 billion market cap would not have the same effect on a company with a market cap of $100 million (Wolkoff, 2005). Conversely, an analysis done by CRA International for the Big Four, reported that audit fees did not make up the majority of the cost associated with SOX 404. Specifically, the smaller of the larger companies that had to comply with all sections of SOX 404 (i. e. , those with market caps between $75 and $700 million); 35% of those costs were related to audit cost (How Potential Changes in Small-Company, 2006) as it relates to SOX 404(b). Additionally, those companies with a market cap over $700 million, only 26% were related to audit cost (How Potential Changes in Small-Company, 2006). Although the compliance with SOX 404(b) was implemented to restore investor’s confidence, Wolkoff (2005) states that in doing so caused a deterrent in the number of small firms that would go public both domestically and overseas. The Amex has seen the impact as the number of small companies that have delisted from the Exchange has increased (Wolkoff, 2005), and those that would have joined decided not to, which reduces the number of initial public offerings in the United States. The SOX Act, specifically, Sections 404(a) and (b), didn’t take into account that large companies have a more complex business structure, which makes for more complex accounting practices (Wolkoff, 2005). For example, the segregation of duties obstacles that many smaller companies are faced with and do not have the resources to fix this control problem. According to Wolkoff (2005), the SEC should have taken that into consideration the â€Å"market cap† or â€Å"minimal revenue† that a company generates and apply different standards accordingly (pg. 1). Another point that proponents of the Dobb-Frank Act made was that scandals like Enron are least likely to happen in smaller public companies. The reasoning behind this is that smaller companies are not normally out to cheat themselves. This is because these smaller companies are usually run by the people that founded the companies or closely related (Wolkoff, 2005). However, by requiring smaller public companies to comply with SOX 404(b), will not only ensure that they are in compliance with SOX 404(a), but it will also help these companies by uncovering inefficiencies in some processes. This in turn will help the companies because it will â€Å"†¦makes fraud harder to commit and easier to detect† (Aguilar, 2010, pg. 33). Especially since smaller companies are in a better position and at greater risk for committing fraud and accounting manipulations (Aguilar, 2010). Furthermore, who is to say those smaller companies’ investors do not deserve the same level of confidence and â€Å"financial reporting safeguards† that larger public companies’ investors are receiving (Solnik, 2010). In addition, studies have shown a correlation between â€Å"weak internal controls and poorer earnings relative to effective internal controls† (Hamilton, J. , 2009). In time of a declining economy, the temptations for fraudulent reporting is increased and by having smaller companies comply with SOX 404(b) serves as a deterrent for those temptations (Hamilton, J. , 2009). Lastly, smaller public companies feel that they have already spent a lot of money just to be in compliance with SOX 404(a), and do not feel the need to be monitored by external auditors. This is because they feel that are capable of monitoring, finding, and remediating deficiencies through internal audits (Solnik, 2010). However, as previously mentioned, SOX 404(b) was not only put in place to ensure that public companies were in compliance with SOX 404(a), but to also have it attested by an independent auditor. This not only helps restore investor’s confidence, but also provides the public companies beneficial information as to whether or not they have proper controls in place and/or additional controls are needed. Moreover, small companies may be putting themselves at risk especially, if the investors penalized them for not meeting the â€Å"transparency norms† that is projected by external auditors (Silverstein, 2008 pg. 26). Especially since there are approximately 7,300 smaller public companies, which accounts for 65% of the overall public companies (Hamilton, J. 2009). CONCLUSION While there are good cases made from both sides of the Dobb-Frank Act, permanently exempted smaller companies doesn’t solve the issue of ensuring compliance with SOX 404(a) is being followed. More importantly, it doesn’t provide the smaller public investors with the same confidences as large public investors as to whether or not the proper controls are in place, and/or whether the controls are effective. By having external auditors attest to ICFR it will provide the smaller companies’ investors the same boost of confidences as its larger counterparts. Instead of permanent exemption, other means should be looked at in order to make it to where it is cost effective to comply with SOX 404(b). Also, as recommended by the Key Advisory Committee, â€Å"[e]xempt some smaller public companies entirely from SOX 404 reporting requirements, but add stricter corporate governance requirements for those companies† (How Potential Changes in Small-Company, 2006, pg. 6). That way we will not have to wait until another scandal is made public to scramble and make these changes; as the old saying goes, â€Å"It’s not if, but when†. REFERENCES Aguilar,  M. (2010,  May). Small filers struggle with internal controls over fraud. Compliance Week,  7(76),  33,74. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Trade Industry. Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. Conference Report to Accompany H. R. 4173. House of Representative , 111th Cong. 583 (2010). Garrett, S. 2009. Garrett introduces SOX exemption for small businesses, Press release, Oct. 8,2009. Hamilton,  J. (2009, June). Section 404 works and is important for small companies, Aguilar feels. SEC Filings Insight,1,4. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Global. How potential changes in small-company SOX regulations could affect your firm. (2006,  February). Accounting Office Management Administration Report,  06(2),  1,6+. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Trade Industry Silverstein, M. (2008,  December). (Sarbanes-Oxley Revisited:) The Good, the Bad, the Lessons. New Jersey Business,  54(12),  26. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Dateline Solnik, C. (2010,  July). Small companies push to gain permanent exemption from Sarbanes-Oxley requirement Silverstein nts. Long Island Business News. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Dateline. United States Securities and Exchange Commission, Office of Economic Analysis. 2009). Study of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Section 404 Internal Control over Financial Reporting Requirements. Retrieved from http://www. sec. gov/news/studies/2009/sox-404_study. pdf Whitehouse,  T. (2009,  April). SOX 404 Compliance Improves for All but the Small. Compliance Week,  6(63),  42-43. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Trade Industry. Wolkoff, N. L   (2005,  August). Sarbanes-Oxley Is a Curse for Small-Cap Companies. Wa ll Street Journal (Eastern Edition),  p. A. 13. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Global. How to cite Smaller Public Companies and Sox, Essay examples

Celebrity culture has a negative impact on teenagers free essay sample

Is it normal that seventy percent of the celebrities, male or female end up taking drugs or becoming alcoholic? Is our society like that? During the last twenty years many celebrities become stupidly rich, and don’t really know what to do with the money or how to manage those tremendous quantities. The necessity to spend it or waste it becomes more accentuated, and drugs may be a quick â€Å"solution† of wasting their money. But in most cases, they? re lives. Teenagers usually copy celebrity’s actions and looks they sometimes have them as role models. This can have two possible impacts on teenagers; negative or positive. When the star is a clear-minded, rational and healthy person, teenagers could make use of those blessings and maybe they want to emulate them so they can become great people. However, it doesn’t always end-up that way. Some famous people aren’t the most adequate role models someone can have. We will write a custom essay sample on Celebrity culture has a negative impact on teenagers or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Copying the wrong role model may have its consequences. Fashions and trends are often started by them and their extravagant ideas. Some people may argue that celebrities trail blaze new fashions and trends, which may give confidence and courage adolescents to stand out. However, the current fashion is for taking drugs, crash diets†¦For example, Paris Hilton became a fashion icon as she always wore pink and carried a small-scale chiguagua everywhere. Teens wanted to be just like her and it distracted girls on their studies as they only thought about wearing pink. Celebrities are said to inspire the world by giving advice about the errors and mistakes they did along the road. But is it really advice? Or just simple, meaningless and insignificant phrases which are systematically in our society. Famous quotes such as â€Å"As soon as you stop wanting something, you get it†-Andy Warhol may encourage to stop following their dreams and crashing their future objectives by just `stop wanting them? In my opinion, I think celebrity culture does has a negative effect on teenage life as a majority of them don’t show respect for the audience and admirers who appreciate their work and they don’t make a secret of alcohol or drug abuse and the glamorization of dying due to an overdose, or the culture of being walking skeletons which can alter teenager’s self image and might contribute to an eating disorder or low self-esteem.

Geographic and Social Mobility in Monterrey

Questions: 1. Assess the biomedical and social medical approaches to health and ill health. 2. you need to use three different sociological perspectives to discuss patterns and trends of health and illness in two chosen social groups. 3. you also need to evaluate your sociological explanation of the patterns and trends of health and ill health in the two social groups. Answers: Socio-Medical Model The models focus is on the various types of social factors which have a direct influence on any persons well being and health. It also keeps an eye on the facets of society for an individual like pollution, improper diet, inappropriate housing conditions, increasing poverty, etc. to take actions for the prevention of ill-health. The Socio-medical model tries to keep the health of any individual in the right track. It also defer the assumptions of the medical model and always try to consider numerous options available. The strengths of the Socio-Medical model can be attributed to the fact that it tries to encourage each and every individual to live a healthy life. It tries to find the root causes of the illness and work on them to eradicate them or prevent them from the base root. It is a fact that everyone knows that the medical condition of any individual can improve if his social conditions are improved. As far as the weakness is concerned, the socio-medical model fails in looking at the diseases from bio-medical perspective. The model does not have the flexibility to identify the cause of the illness if there is no symptoms present from the upper level (Baln, 2014). It fails to deliver at the time of emergency and cannot address the issues faced by the individual. It does not find people with the expertise to carry out any immediate response needed by the patient. Biomedical Model It is the model which is being used by most of the Health Care experts in all parts of the world. It is used to find out the nature of the medical issues being felt by the patients. This model aims at the health of an individual which is free from any defect, disease of pain. The model keeps a keen eye on the physical processes which can have an impact on the individuals health. The model suggests that an illness occurs due to any medical cause in the body and hence can be cured after the Health Care experts look at the issue. The person can lead a normal and healthy life after he or she has been cured. It leads to the trust of many individual to go for the bio-medical model. The strengths of the bio-medical model are that it focuses on the diagnosis of all the diseases from a scientific point of view. It bases all the assumptions on the prior research done by experts in that domain. It believes that the disease is caused due to some illness, and it can be cured by taking appropriate medication (Maslach, 2013). If required, the illness can be treated with the help of surgery or drugs. The symptoms shown by the body of the individual is closely followed, and an apt decision is taken after all the tests are done. It helps in leaving all the chances of failure out of the question. It becomes the greatest strength of this model. The weakness of the bio-medical model is that it fails to focus on the psychological factors related to any disease for an individual. In this model, there is little to no role of the individual in the treatment process (Barr, 2014). He undergoes the treatment by taking medication or by undergoing surgeries and then waits to get back to the normal condition. The model fails to look into the side effects which may come to the surface during the treatment of the individual. The side effects should be handled by the expert as and when it appears. You need to use three different sociological perspectives to discuss patterns and trends of health and illness in two chosen social groups Ethnic minority groups The ethnic minority groups live in very poor conditions. They are deprived of proper housing conditions. They tend to live in certain inner areas and also suffers from the high unemployment rate. The people are deprived of many necessities (Lowes, 2013). The lack of necessities is one of the sociological perspectives which shows the pattern of illness in the ethnic minority group. Due to this, the people of this origin face an issue in getting treated. Another perspective is the lack of good contacts due to biases for the black and white people within the ethnic groups. It also impairs the people from getting good response for health care facilities. The unemployment among the group is a major perspective which ultimately leads to the inability of the people to get themselves better illness treating facilities (British Medical Association, 2013). Socio-Economic Class The class of a person to which he/she belongs plays a very important role in the lifestyle. The access to various facilities also depends on the class of the people. A person of the higher socio-economic class will have access to better healthcare facilities and hence he can enjoy a better life expectancy. The health of that person is also expected to be better than the person present in a lower socio-economic group (Cockerham, 2014). It is because the person at the higher social group will be living in proper housing conditions, with better transport facilities and better environmental conditions. These will be inaccessible to the person at lower income group. This fact suggests that if the person is in the lower socio-economic group, the health and illness will be affected by the patterns and trends. These patterns will be of illness related conditions since the person is not getting adequate facilities to survive in a healthy manner. The social class of a person will greatly impac t the health of the person (Kaufmann, 2015). Social mobility of many societies has limited options. Many people, who born in any class tend to remain in the same class (Bjrnskov, 2013). It follows the suit of Marxism approach. The person at higher upper class will have many exceptional facilities like private health care etc. However, the people with lower income group will have to go to the public hospitals and get themselves treated in those conditions. From another perspective, the trend and patterns of health and illness can be seen from the way the people react to alcohol and smoking related habits. A person at the higher socio-economic group will have easy access to dangerous drugs and alcohols. However, it is up to them whether to go for it or not. The person who adopts these will have a lower life expectancy. On the other hand, a person at lower income group can also exercise these drugs and can decrease his or her life expectancy (Eyles, 2014). However, if the person at lower income group also do regular exercise and remain parted with these drugs and alcohol, then his life expectancy will also increase. If a person performs the responsibilities in a well-defined manner, he can try to move up the ladder from lower income group to the higher income group. You also need to evaluate your sociological explanation of the patterns and trends of health and ill health in the two social groups In this section, it is tried to continue the previous sections and finally, come to the conclusion. This will be done by evaluating the sociological explanations by the social groups so chosen. Natural Social Selection This explanation suggests that the persons low social class is not the primary reason behind the increase in illness and mortality rates. People will be in lower class because of the ill health. The possible reasons for this include the weakness and low metabolism in the ill health people which will force them to quit and will not be ready for getting success and promotion (Gabe, 2014). There is a weakness to the Natural Social Selection that there is not enough proof to project the cause of ill health. The strength of this explanation is that the absence of energy can be related to ill health, and it can be corrected so as to eradicate the ill health conditions. Cultural or behavioral explanations Cultural and behavioral explanation tend to project the ways the behaviour of the people impacts their choices. The behaviour of the lower class people is such that they tend to drink more and smoke heavily. It causes their health to deteriorate. The choice of these people will lead them to face several diseases and can also lead to certain chronic ailments from which they might never recover (Herz, 2015). The weakness of the behavioural explanation is that it tends to have a bias regarding the lower income people and act in a stereotypical manner. It shows that lower income group people get involved in smoking and drinking activities but these can be exercised by higher income group people as well. The strength can be that if the lower economic class people try to control the behaviour and take care of eating and drinking habits, then he may move up the social ladder. References Baln, J., Browning, H. L., Jelin, E. (2014). Men in a developing society: Geographic and social mobility in Monterrey, Mexico (Vol. 30). University of Texas Press. Barr, D. A. (2014). Health disparities in the United States: Social class, race, ethnicity, and health. JHU Press. Bjrnskov, C., Dreher, A., Fischer, J. A., Schnellenbach, J., Gehring, K. (2013). Inequality and happiness: When perceived social mobility and economic reality do not match. Journal of Economic Behavior Organization, 91, 75-92. British Medical Association. (2013). Health and environmental impact assessment: an integrated approach. Routledge. Cockerham, W. C. (2014). Medical sociology. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Dahl, E., van der Wel, K. A. (2013). Educational inequalities in health in European welfare states: a social expenditure approach. Social Science Medicine, 81, 60-69. Eyles, J., Woods, K. J. (2014). The Social Geography of Medicine and Health (RLE Social Cultural Geography). Routledge. Gabe, J., Monaghan, L. (2013). Key concepts in medical sociology. Sage. Herz, L. (2015). Growing into poverty? Social Mobility and Child Poverty in Welfare States. Kaufmann, V., Viry, G. (2015). High Mobility as Social Phenomenon. In High Mobility in Europe (pp. 1-15). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Lowes, L., Hulatt, I. (Eds.). (2013). Involving service users in health and social care research. Routledge. Maslach, C., Jackson, S. E. (2013). A social psychological analysis. Social psychology of health and illness, 227.

The eNotes Blog Oscar-Worthy Reads 10 Oscar-Nominated Films This Year Based onBooks

Oscar-Worthy Reads 10 Oscar-Nominated Films This Year Based onBooks The biggest night in Hollywood is right around the corner! The 90th Academy Awards is scheduled to air this Sunday, March 4 live on ABC. The Oscar nominations have been out in the public for a few weeks now, and movie buffs are holding their breath for the official announcement of the winners. While the majority of nominees are derived from original screenplays, there are a handful of motion pictures that have been adapted from our favorite medium, books. These films have made a point to stay true to their page-turning plots while creating a unique cinematic experience for audiences to enjoy. Many of these films explore themes of social, political, and ethical issues that resonate with conversations in contemporary culture. We’ve compiled a list of ten potential winners and the books their screenplays were adapted from. Which ones are you most excited to read, watch, and see win? Image via IMP Awards Call Me By Your Name Based on: Call Me by Your Name by Andrà © Aciman Nominated for: Best Picture, Actor in a Leading Role (Timothà ©e Chalamet), Music (Original Song), Writing (Adapted Screenplay) The adaptation of Andrà © Aciman’s 2007 acclaimed novel about a 17-year-old boy in Italy who has his sexual and intellectual awakening with a visiting American scholar has been receiving tons of praise this awards season.  Screenwriter James Ivory chose to streamline and simplify the story, keeping the film true to what is illustrated throughout the novel. While it doesn’t seem to be the prime candidate to win Best Picture, it is expected to win for Best Adapted Screenplay. After the triumph of Moonlight winning Best Picture at last year’s awards, it’s about time that the Academy embraces the diversity amongst the films and actors they choose to recognize. Image via Vox Molly’s Game Based on: Molly’s Game: From Hollywood’s Elite to Wall Street’s Billionaire Boys Club, My High-Stakes Adventure in the World of Underground Poker by Molly Bloom Nominated for: Writing (Adapted Screenplay) Based on Molly Bloom’s memoir, Molly’s Game broadcasts the events leading up to the author’s arrest after running the world’s most exclusive, high-stakes poker empire for Hollywood celebrities, athletes, business tycoons, and Russian mobsters. Nominated for Best Adapted Screenplay, Molly’s Game  the film  isn’t predicted to win in its only nominated category, but  Mollys Game  the story is already a winner for its unapologetically honest and brutal portrayal of a woman trying to win in a traditionally mans game. Molly is trying to contend in an environment where men are the ones making the rules and the rules are driven by their desires. Due to its relevance to the current cultural narrative amongst gender roles and power, Molly’s Game is an important film right now whether or not it takes home an Oscar. Image via DVDs Release Mudbound Based on: Mudbound by Hillary Jordan Nominated for: Actress in a Supporting Role (Mary J. Blige), Cinematography, Music (Original Song), Writing (Adapted Screenplay) Producer and writer, Virgil Williams decided to adapt Hilary Jordan’s novel more than ten years ago. The story follows two families- one black and one white- that intersect during the 1940s in the Jim Crow South. Williams has compared Mudbound to something of the To Kill A Mockingbird of this generation. While the ending of the book and movie are different, they both manage to maintain the ethos of the original story through the characters’ tone and dialogue. Above all, the cinematography is the most distinguishing feature of the film, for it provides a beautiful yet haunting juxtaposition of life in Memphis. While there was  controversy  questioning if a white author with an MFA could truly captivate the voice of the black experience,   Williams reminds us that it is not a story about one particular race, but a story about this country in which we all reside. It’s about both races and how they love, hate, and ultimately need each other even if they don’t realize it. Regardless of if Mudbound takes home any awards on Sunday night, it already has broken history for having the first African American woman (Dee Rees) ever to be nominated for Writing (Adapted Screenplay) and having the first woman (Rachel Morrison) to receive a Best Cinematographer nomination. Image via The Aisle Seat Wonder Based on: Wonder by R.J. Palacio Nominated for: Makeup and Hairstyling Based on the 2012 bestselling young adult novel by R.J. Palacio, this heartfelt film tells the story of a boy born with a facial deformity who endures a decade of surgeries before finally being allowed to enroll in school. The film’s only nomination is in the category for  Best Makeup and Hairstyling for its portrayal of a child with Treacher Collins syndrome. This was the first film that had a child actor (Jacob Tremblay) has been in full prosthetics for a lead role, and, because he was a minor, Tremblay had to carry the movie with less prep and shooting time. This film will have a hard time beating out The Darkest Hour in its category, this is a light-hearted family flick that encourages compassion, acceptance, and tolerance for all of those who are different- but not defined by their differences. Image via IMBD Ferdinand Based on: The Story of Ferdinand by Munro Leaf with art by Robert Lawson Nominated for: Animated Feature Film The nomination of  Ferdinand is considered the biggest surprise among animated features to be in the running for an Oscar. Inspired by the 1936 children’s book The Story of Ferdinand and the 1938 Oscar-winning Disney short â€Å"Ferdinand the Bull,†Ã‚  Ferdinand is a tale of a Spanish fighting bull who refuses to fight. The quirky film incorporates the color palette of Spain to enhance its compliments to the culture. While this film is light-hearted and youthful, it’s most significant and obvious message is encouraging individuals to embrace their identity. The message of tolerance and inclusion is something Ferdinand must learn for himself and the lesson his experiences teaches to the world around him. Image via clickthecity Beauty and the Beast Based on: Beauty and the Beast by Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont Nominated for: Costume Design, Production Design Disneys live-action Beauty and the Beast, which grossed over $1 billion at the worldwide box office, landed a couple Oscar nominations in the style categories. With new songs, new backstories, and a new(-ish) ending, the live-action remake doesn’t stray away from the original, beloved plot and showcases the advancements in special effects and CGI technology. At its core, Beauty and the Beast is still the same story we all know and treasure as it continues to share the timeless message that love is love. Image via IMP Awards All The Money in the World Based on: Painfully Rich: The Outrageous Fortunes and Misfortunes of the Heirs of J. Paul Getty by John Pearson Nominated for: Actor in a Supporting Role (Christopher Plummer) With so many wealthy tycoons in the news and in power, any insight into how such people think and conduct their lives is eaten up by the public. Adapted from John Pearson’s book Painfully Rich: The Outrageous Fortunes and Misfortunes of the Heirs of J. Paul Getty, All the Money in the World is the story of the kidnapping of sixteen-year-old John Paul Getty III- the rebellious teenage grandson of oil billionaire John Paul Getty, who is reluctant to pay the $17 million ransom demanded by the kidnappers. Amid allegations of sexual assault and harassment, Kevin Spacey was pulled from the project and replaced by Christopher Plummer, who received an Oscar nomination for his performance and is now the oldest acting Oscar nominee ever at 88.   Image via MS Magazine The Breadwinner Based on: The Breadwinner by Deborah Ellis Nominated for: Animated Feature Film This adaptation of Deborah Ellis’ best-selling novel tells the story of Parvana, a young girl in Afghanistan who is forced to dress as a boy to provide for her family after her father is unjustly imprisoned. The Breadwinner is a testament to the power of storytelling, as Parvana goes into her head to escape her circumstances, with her imagination represented through cut-out animation. More importantly, this is a tale of female empowerment in desperate circumstances. Image via New York Public Library Blade Runner 2049 Based on: Characters from Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? by Philip K. Dick Nominated for: Cinematography, Production Design, Sound Editing, Sound Mixing, Visual Effects If you’re familiar with Ridley Scott’s 1982 film Blade Runner, then you may be aware that it was based on Philip K. Dick’s novel  Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?  The phrase â€Å"blade runner† was actually a part of the title of a book written by William S. Burroughs. The screenwriter for the first film stumbled across the phrase and obtained the rights to use the name for the movie. You can trace the name back even earlier to science fiction author  Alan Nourse; he published a novel back in 1974 titled The Bladerunners which illustrated a very Orwellian future set in the year 2009. Blade Runner 2049 is a sequel to the 80’s cult classic, set thirty years after the first film. The film is nominated for five Oscars, all of which pertain to its production and cinematography.   Image via IMP Awards The Disaster Artist Based on: The Disaster Artist by Greg Sestero and Tom Bissell Nominated for: Writing (Adapted Screenplay) The Disaster Artist: My Life Inside The Room, The Greatest Bad Movie Ever Made is Greg Sestero’s memoir about acting in a film called The Room that has been dubbed the Citizen Kane of bad movies. James Franco takes Sestero’s story and adapts it into a hilarious original screenplay that illuminates the backstory of The Room and Sesteros relationship with the director, writer, producer, and star of the film,  Tommy Wiseau. It’s a movie within a movie, paying homage to some of the most memorable and unusual scenes in the original film. James Francos portrayal of the enigma that is Tommy Wiseau is ridiculously spot-on due to the time Franco studied and spent time around Wiseau. Ultimately, its a story about friendship, depicting the nature of two friends with aspirations of fame who encourage each other to pursue their dreams despite the ridicule and rejection they face. Above all, the story has a humanizing effect for Tommy Wiseau, who, like in his movie, is a sim ultaneous object of cultural fascination and mockery.

Secrets to a Successful Marketing Strategy by EssaySupply.com

Secrets to a Successful Marketing Strategy Secrets to a Successful Marketing Strategy Marketing has only one goal – to get customers. Years ago, someone opened a business and advertised in the newspaper and on the radio. S/he put big signs in the windows advertising sales. Not a lot of that happens anymore, except for television advertising that that the big players can afford. Now, it’s all about being found online, and being found everywhere online; it’s about driving traffic to your website; it’s about creating content that is wonderfully engaging; and it is about being all over social media. And the goal is conversions – whether that is capturing an email address for future marketing communication or, ultimately, getting someone to take a free trial or, ultimately make that purchase. There’s a Lot of Research Out There People have been at this content marketing stuff for a long time now, and there are very sophisticated tools and strategies that you can take advantage of, if you want the right plan of action to spread your brand, generate traffic, and get those conversions. Use the strategies that the experts tell you are correct, and you will achieve your goals. Three big things should drive everything you do – spreading your brand, building relationships, and using analytics to target your market. Spreading Your Brand The web-based shopper has to know you exist. You can’t just build a â€Å"killer† website and think these shoppers will come. You have to go to them, and you have to do this in smart ways. Here is what you must do at a minimum: Get a blog. Get a great blog. This means that you have absolutely great content that people want to read and share with others. It means that the content you have will be noticed by search engines, so that your SEO rankings will rise. You can’t just slap up a few posts each week. Those posts have to be engaging and compelling, written well, and give readers something they need or enjoy. If you do not have the time to maintain an absolutely extraordinary blog, then you need to contract with people to do this for you. Over time, the expense will more than pay for itself. If you don’t know where to go for experts, you can begin with an online essay writing service that has real pros for copywriting. They are pretty reasonable and will see to it that your blog posts are absolutely stellar. Get all over social media. Tell great stories about yourself and your team. Solve problems for people. Run contests; conduct surveys; offer special deals; offer free things with links to your website for them to get the great stuff you are offering. Give â€Å"teasers† to those great posts that are now on your blog to drive you targets to your site. Remember – brand spreading is a long-term, gradual process. Be patient – if you do it right, it will happen! Building Relationships Shoppers today want to know who they are buying from – particularly Millennials who were responsible for $5 billion in Internet sales last year. Customers are not walking into your store and having conversations with you. They are finding you online, and building relationships are much harder. So, here is what has to be done: Your blog and your social media pages need to tell your story and the stories of your team. Get lots of photos and videos up there that show you and your team at work and at play. Take up a cause and show how committed you are to it. Offer to donate to that cause with each purchase; publicize you and your team participating in events sponsored by that cause. You can do something as simple as sponsor a child or two in a third world nation and post photos and updates; if you are local, find a local charity with which to become involved. Millennials want to do business with companies that take social responsibility seriously. Feature your customers as much as possible – have a customer of the month. Have a contest and publicize the winners. Using Analytics Start with Google Analytics and then graduate to more sophisticated tools such as those offered by Crazy Egg. You know who your target market is. Now find out where they hang out online; find out when and from where visitors come to your site; learn about where they stay and when and where they bounce out; learn which devices they are using. All of this information should drive your site content, the CTA’s you use, and the design of content for multiple devices. You can have a great website that really rocks on a PC, but if your targets are using tablets and phones, and you have not re-designed for those devices, you have lost them. If you don’t have the time, hire this out. It’s just too important! The big takeaway if this: It takes time for a marketing strategy to work. If you are not seeing results in a week or two, do not â€Å"jump ship.† It takes months, and progress is gradual.